So far in the 21st century, more than a dozen novel viral pandemics, including COVID-19, have emerged. As the emergence of these novel pandemic viruses is expected to become more frequent, human society urgently needs to formulate relevant strategies to develop widely effective treatments that can be immediately used in future epidemics.

In neuroscience and behavioral research, the Y-maze test has become one of the classic methods for evaluating spatial memory and cognitive function.This simple yet powerful experimental device can effectively reveal the neural mechanisms of learning, memory, and decision-making in experimental animals.