There are three ways to administer drugs to mice: subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection, and tail vein injection. Although subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injections are easy to operate, tail vein injection is superior in some research areas that require precise dosage and rapid systemic distribution, such as pharmacokinetics, gene therapy, and tumor models, due to its rapid onset, precise dosage, systemic distribution, and repeatable administration.

In animal experiments, intermittent administration methods such as intraperitoneal injection and subcutaneous injection are still the mainstream methods.Although these methods are simple to operate, they have significant drawbacks in long-term studies: 1. Fluctuation in blood drug concentration: The difference between peak and trough drug concentration after a single injection can be as much as 5-8 times, affecting the accuracy of drug efficacy assessment; 2. Stress interference: Continuous intraperitoneal injection leads to a continuous increase in cortisol levels, which may mask the true effect of the drug; 3. Operational limitations: Dosing at a fixed time each day makes it difficult to conduct circadian rhythm studies, and nighttime operation can easily result in data loss;

Animals have always accompanied the continuous progress and development of human society. The prosperity of modern human society is inseparable from the proper use of animals. However, while humans view animals as "partners" who contribute to their own rise, they often overlook their living environment and inner feelings. Compared to the long history of mankind, attention to animal welfare has only been around for a little over a century.

Motor coordination ability refers to the ability to regulate and integrate the movements of various parts of the body during physical movement. It integrates multiple physical qualities such as sensitivity, speed, and balance, and fully reflects the control and regulation function of the central nervous system on muscle activity.In addition to central nervous system diseases, pathological changes in the body's metabolism can affect an individual's motor coordination function. Therefore, tests of motor coordination ability can often reflect pathological changes in the body.null

In modern experimental animal science, the quality of the breeding environment directly affects the accuracy and reliability of experimental results.As an advanced breeding equipment, IVC (Independent Ventilation Cage) provides a constant, clean and healthy breeding environment for experimental animals with its unique filtration system, ventilation principle and environmental control system.

Pulmonary fibrosis is an end-stage interstitial lung disease characterized by fibroblast proliferation and extensive extracellular matrix deposition, leading to the destruction of lung tissue architecture.There are many factors that can cause pulmonary fibrosis, such as occupational or home environment factors, drugs, radiotherapy, high-concentration oxygen therapy, smoking, disease factors, and genetic factors.